Networking Overview

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Networking Overview

What is Network?

A Network is formed when two computers or more than two computers are connected with each other. Network allows computers to communicate with each other to share resources and information with the other users in the network.

Components of Network:-

In communication Network consist three components. They are:

• The sender – Who transfers or shares information.
• The receiver – Who accepts the transferred or shared information.
• The medium – Which transmit the information.

Computer Networks also consists set of components. They are:

• Server – A server is a computer that provides resources or services to the other computer connected to a network.
• Workstation – A workstation is a computer on a Network that can utilize the shared resources.
• Communication Channel – It is the connection between computers on Network. Like satellites is example of communication channel.
• Network Interface Unit (NIU) – It enables communication between systems that use different communication forms. 

Types of Networks:-

Depending on the geographic location it can be classified as:

• Local Area Network (LAN)
• Metropolitan Area Networks (MAN)
• Wide Area Network (WAN)

Local Area Network:-

If a network is confined to a single location it is called Local Area Network.

Example: A set of computers within a classroom or office.

Wide Area Network:-

When a Network is located over wide areas such as countries, states, cities etc. it is called Wide Area Network.

Example: The computers connected to network in different branches of globalized companies, Internet.

Metropolitan Area Networks:-

A Metropolitan Area Networks connects computers distributed across multiple buildings on a school campus.

Example: Computers connected to network in all the branches of school within a city.

Classification of networks based on components:-

• Server-based Networks
• Peer-to-Peer Networks

Server-based Networks:-

In server-based-network one computer act as server and other computers act as client. A server is computer that provides resources as per the request of client.

 Example: file services, Web services etc.

Classification of Servers:-

• Dedicated servers – It is a computer whose only task is to service clients. These servers are not used as workstations.
• Non-Dedicated servers – These servers are used as workstations.

Peer-to-Peer Networks:-

In this network each computer acts as both server and client. Peer-to-Peer networks are also called workgroups. These networks do not have any dedicated servers. In this network the efficiency of the network decreases as the number of workstation increases.

Advantages of Network:-

Network not only connects computers it also connects people and bring them closer from all over the world. Social media is good example of communication.

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Advantages of Computer Network:-

Some advantages of Computer Networks are:

• Managing resources – All the computers connected to network can share resources to all the Users.
• Managing infrastructure costs – Sharing resources to all over the computer networks reduces the need to procure expensive resources for individual computers in an organization.
• Sharing files and programs – You can share your files to network so that Users connected to network can take benefits of them.
• Communicating with other Users – You can communicate with the other users all over the world by sending and receiving messages. This method of communication saves your time because you don’t need to meet them personally to communicate.

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